*C [#hb6b6e11]
//#ref(http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/The_C_Programming_Language%2C_First_Edition_Cover_%282%29.svg/200px-The_C_Programming_Language%2C_First_Edition_Cover_%282%29.svg.png,right,around,nolink,C)
#ref(http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/The_C_Programming_Language_logo.svg/200px-The_C_Programming_Language_logo.svg.png,right,around,nolink,C)
&color(White,#5F2F2F){ ''◆CONTENTS◆'' };&br;
#contents
*C11 [#k4c5d2ad]
-[[Wikipedia.ja:C言語]]
-[[C言語 - Wikibooks:http://ja.wikibooks.org/wiki/C%E8%A8%80%E8%AA%9E]]
-[[苦しんで覚えるＣ言語:http://9cguide.appspot.com/]]
-[[C言語は今でも価値のある言語か？:http://www.infoq.com/jp/news/2013/01/C-Language]]
-[[[SDK] プロセスの列挙:http://shoppers-jp.com/tech/sdk037.html]]
-[[コマンドライン引数の取得（プロセスファイルシステムを利用する） - Linux/C/C++ Tips:http://lldev.jp/linux_c_cpp/tips/pfs_cmdline.html]]
-http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1585989/how-to-parse-proc-pid-cmdline
-http://cx20.main.jp/blog/hello/category/win32-api/
-http://cx20.main.jp/blog/hello/2012/06/
-[[Wikipedia.ja:呼出規約]]
-[[桂田研卒研ノート:http://nalab.mind.meiji.ac.jp/~mk/labo/text/]]
-[[CからFortranルーチンを呼び出す:http://phase.hpcc.jp/phase/o2k/technical_doc_library/docs/porting/fortranfromc.html]]
-[[11.1.4 ルーチン名の下線 (Sun Studio 12: Fortran プログラミングガイド):http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E19205-01/820-1203/aeula/index.html]]
-[[C言語機能の比較:http://www.6809.net/tenk/?C%E8%A8%80%E8%AA%9E%E6%A9%9F%E8%83%BD%E3%81%AE%E6%AF%94%E8%BC%83]]
-[[C言語で可変個引数を型拘束したい:http://mattn.kaoriya.net/software/lang/c/20140312213057.htm]]
**処理系 [#d2633a16]
-[[GCC, the GNU Compiler Collection - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF):http://gcc.gnu.org/]]
--[[MinGW]]
--[[Cygwin]]
-[["clang" C Language Family Frontend for LLVM:http://clang.llvm.org/]]
-[[Microsoft Visual Studio Express]]
--[[C99 library support in Visual Studio 2013:http://blogs.msdn.com/b/vcblog/archive/2013/07/19/c99-library-support-in-visual-studio-2013.aspx]]
-[[TCC : Tiny C Compiler:http://bellard.org/tcc/]]
**ライブラリ・フレームワーク [#w5f859a1]
-[[GTK+:http://www.gtk.org/]]
**IDE・エディタ [#vaa4f864]
***フリーソフトウェア (オープンソースソフトウェア) [#n4409bbb]
-[[Eclipse]]
--[[Eclipse CDT:http://www.eclipse.org/cdt/]]
-[[Emacs]]
-[[Vim]]
-[[Notepad++]]
-[[サクラエディタ]]
*C から Fortran の関数を呼び出す [#x01bff9e]
Fortran の関数
----
-fsin.f90
----
pure function f_sin(x) result(y) bind(c, name='f_sin')
use, intrinsic :: iso_c_binding
real(kind=c_double), value :: x
real(kind=c_double) :: y
y = sin(x)
end function f_sin
----
elemental pure function f_sin(x) result(y) bind(c, name='f_sin')
とするとエラーになります．~
$ gfortran -c fsin.f90
$ nm fsin.o
00000000 b .bss
00000000 d .data
00000000 r .eh_frame
00000000 r .rdata$zzz
00000000 t .text
00000000 T _f_sin
U _sin
C の関数
----
-sin.c
----
#include <stdio.h>
#define _USE_MATH_DEFINES
#include <math.h>
extern double f_sin(double);
int
main(int argc, char** argv)
{
double x = M_PI * 0.5;
printf("f_sin(%f) = %f\n", x, f_sin(x));
printf("sin(%f) = %f\n", x, sin(x));
return 0;
}
----
$ gcc -o sin sin.c fsin.o
$ ./sin
f_sin(1.570796) = 1.000000
sin(1.570796) = 1.000000
*コマンドライン引数から整数 N を取得して標準出力に 1 から N までの和を出力 &aname(nsum); [#w46fe110]
[[任意精度演算>Wikipedia.ja:任意精度演算]]を扱うためのライブラリである [[GMP:http://gmplib.org/]] を使用すると C で簡単に記述できます．~
----
-nsum.c
----
// vim: ts=4 sw=4 expandtab:
// gcc -Wall -Ofast -march=native -std=c11 -static -o nsum nsum.c -lgmp
// gcc -Wall -Ofast -march=native -std=c11 -static -DNSUM1 -o nsum nsum.c -lgmp
#include <ctype.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <gmp.h>
void usage(const char* restrict);
bool valid_number(const char* restrict);
void nsum1(const char* restrict);
void nsum2(const char* restrict);
void
usage(const char* restrict s)
{
fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s N ...\n", s);
}
bool
valid_number(const char* restrict s)
{
for (int i = 0; i < strlen(s); i++) {
if (!isdigit(s[i])) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
void
nsum1(const char* restrict s)
{
mpz_t n;
mpz_t k;
mpz_t inc;
mpz_t arg;
mpz_init_set_str(inc, "1", 10);
mpz_init_set_str(k, "1", 10);
mpz_init_set_str(n, "0", 10);
mpz_init_set_str(arg, s, 10);
while (mpz_cmp(k, arg) <= 0) {
mpz_add(n, n, k);
mpz_add(k, k, inc);
}
gmp_printf("Sum from 1 to %Zd = %Zd\n", arg, n);
mpz_clear(arg);
mpz_clear(inc);
mpz_clear(k);
mpz_clear(n);
}
void
nsum2(const char* restrict s)
{
mpq_t n;
mpq_t k;
mpq_t inc;
mpq_t arg;
mpq_init(n);
mpq_init(k);
mpq_init(inc);
mpq_init(arg);
mpq_set_str(inc, "1", 10);
mpq_set_str(k, "1/2", 10);
mpq_set_str(n, "0", 10);
mpq_set_str(arg, s, 10);
mpq_add(n, arg, inc);
mpq_mul(n, n, arg);
mpq_mul(n, n, k);
gmp_printf("Sum from 1 to %Qd = %Qd\n", arg, n);
mpq_clear(arg);
mpq_clear(inc);
mpq_clear(k);
mpq_clear(n);
}
int
main(int argc, char** argv)
{
void (*nsum)(const char* restrict);
if (argc < 2) {
usage(argv[0]);
return 2;
}
#if defined (NSUM1)
nsum = nsum1;
#else
nsum = nsum2;
#endif
for (int i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
if (valid_number(argv[i]) == false) {
continue;
}
nsum(argv[i]);
}
return 0;
}
----
*[[fwdsumatrapdf>SumatraPDF/fwdsumatrapdf]] &aname(fwdsumatrapdf); [#be8d6381]
**C, C++ 版 [#a48a3eb3]
C, C++ 版は他の言語で作られたバイナリよりも高速に動作します．~
[[MinGW]] の GCC でビルドできます．~
C の場合
$ cd /c/w32tex/bin
$ gcc -std=c11 -static -o fwdsumatrapdf.exe fwdsumatrapdf.c -luser32 -lshell32 -ladvapi32 -lshlwapi
C++ の場合
$ cd /c/w32tex/bin
$ g++ -std=c++11 -static -o fwdsumatrapdf.exe fwdsumatrapdf.cpp -luser32 -lshell32 -ladvapi32 -lshlwapi
Clang/LLVM でもビルド可能です．~
C の場合
$ cd /c/w32tex/bin
$ clang -std=c11 -static -o fwdsumatrapdf.exe fwdsumatrapdf.c -luser32 -lshell32 -ladvapi32 -lshlwapi
C++ の場合
$ cd /c/w32tex/bin
$ clang++ -std=c++11 -static -o fwdsumatrapdf.exe fwdsumatrapdf.cpp -luser32 -lshell32 -ladvapi32 -lshlwapi
Microsoft Visual Studio Express の C/C++ Optimizing Compiler for x86/x64 でもビルド可能です．~
C の場合
>cd /d c:\w32tex\bin
>cl fwdsumatrapdf.c user32.lib advapi32.lib shlwapi.lib
C++ の場合
>cd /d c:\w32tex\bin
>cl fwdsumatrapdf.cpp user32.lib advapi32.lib shlwapi.lib
----
-C:\w32tex\bin\fwdsumatrapdf.c
-C:\w32tex\bin\fwdsumatrapdf.cpp
----
/* vim: ts=4 sw=4 expandtab:
*
* MinGW
* $ gcc -std=c11 -static -o fwdsumatrapdf.exe fwdsumatrapdf.c -luser32 -lshell32 -ladvapi32 -lshlwapi
* $ g++ -std=c++11 -static -o fwdsumatrapdf.exe fwdsumatrapdf.cpp -luser32 -lshell32 -ladvapi32 -lshlwapi
*
* Clang/LLVM
* $ clang -std=c11 -static -o fwdsumatrapdf.exe fwdsumatrapdf.c -luser32 -lshell32 -ladvapi32 -lshlwapi
* $ clang++ -std=c++11 -static -o fwdsumatrapdf.exe fwdsumatrapdf.cpp -luser32 -lshell32 -ladvapi32 -lshlwapi
*
* Microsoft Visual Studio Express
* >cl fwdsumatrapdf.c user32.lib advapi32.lib shlwapi.lib
* >cl fwdsumatrapdf.cpp user32.lib advapi32.lib shlwapi.lib
*/
#include <windows.h>
#include <shlwapi.h>
#include <ddeml.h>
#if !defined (_MSC_VER)
#include <shellapi.h>
#endif
#if defined (__cplusplus)
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cwchar>
#include <cerrno>
#include <clocale>
using namespace std;
#else
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <wchar.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <locale.h>
#endif
#if defined (__cplusplus)
#define restrict
#elif defined (_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1400)
#define restrict __restrict
#elif defined (__STDC_VERSION__) && (__STDC_VERSION__ < 199901L)
#define restrict
#endif
#if defined (_MSC_VER)
#if (_MSC_VER >= 1400)
#define snwprintf(buffer, count, format, ...) _snwprintf_s(buffer, count, _TRUNCATE, format, __VA_ARGS__)
#else
#define snwprintf _snwprintf
#endif
#endif
HDDEDATA CALLBACK SumatraDdeCallback(UINT, UINT, HCONV, HSZ, HSZ, HDDEDATA, DWORD, DWORD);
BOOL CALLBACK GetSumatraHWND(HWND, LPARAM);
static int RunSumatraPDF(const wchar_t* restrict);
static int DdeExecute(const wchar_t* restrict, const wchar_t* restrict, const wchar_t* restrict);
#define FWDSUMATRAPDF_BUF_SIZE 1024
#define TIMEOUT 10000
static BOOL existSumatraHWND = FALSE;
HDDEDATA CALLBACK
SumatraDdeCallback(UINT uType,
UINT uFmt,
HCONV hconv,
HSZ hsz1,
HSZ hsz2,
HDDEDATA hdata,
DWORD dwData1,
DWORD dwData2)
{
return NULL;
}
BOOL CALLBACK
GetSumatraHWND(HWND hwnd,
LPARAM lParam)
{
wchar_t* title = NULL;
wchar_t windowText[FWDSUMATRAPDF_BUF_SIZE] = L"";
UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(lParam);
GetWindowTextW(hwnd, windowText, FWDSUMATRAPDF_BUF_SIZE);
if (windowText[0] == L'\0') {
return TRUE;
}
if ((title = wcsrchr(windowText, L'S')) == NULL) {
return TRUE;
}
if (wcscmp(title, L"SumatraPDF") != 0) {
return TRUE;
}
existSumatraHWND = TRUE;
return TRUE;
}
static int
RunSumatraPDF(const wchar_t* restrict pdf)
{
int err = 0;
HKEY subKey = NULL;
const wchar_t* keyPath = L"SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\App Paths\\SumatraPDF.exe";
DWORD dwType = 0;
DWORD sz = 0;
wchar_t sumatrapdfRegistry[FWDSUMATRAPDF_BUF_SIZE] = L"";
const wchar_t* sumatrapdfWin32Default = L"C:\\Program Files\\SumatraPDF\\SumatraPDF.exe";
const wchar_t* sumatrapdfWin64Default = L"C:\\Program Files (x86)\\SumatraPDF\\SumatraPDF.exe";
wchar_t* sumatrapdf = (wchar_t*)L"SumatraPDF.exe";
const wchar_t* reuseInstance = L"-reuse-instance";
wchar_t sumatrapdfCommandLine[FWDSUMATRAPDF_BUF_SIZE] = L"";
static HWND hList;
STARTUPINFOW si;
PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;
EnumWindows((WNDENUMPROC)GetSumatraHWND, (LPARAM)hList);
if (existSumatraHWND == TRUE) {
return err;
}
if (RegOpenKeyExW(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, keyPath, 0, KEY_QUERY_VALUE, &subKey) != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
err = 1;
}
if (subKey != NULL) {
if (RegQueryValueExW(subKey, NULL, NULL, &dwType, NULL, &sz) != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
err = 1;
}
}
if (subKey != NULL) {
if (RegQueryValueExW(subKey, NULL, NULL, &dwType, (BYTE*)sumatrapdfRegistry, &sz) != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
err = 1;
}
}
if (subKey != NULL) {
RegCloseKey(subKey);
subKey = NULL;
}
if (err == 0) {
if (wcslen(sumatrapdfRegistry) != 0) {
if (PathFileExistsW(sumatrapdfRegistry)) {
sumatrapdf = sumatrapdfRegistry;
} else {
err = 1;
}
}
}
if (err != 0) {
err = 0;
if (PathFileExistsW(sumatrapdfWin32Default)) {
sumatrapdf = (wchar_t*)sumatrapdfWin32Default;
} else if (PathFileExistsW(sumatrapdfWin64Default)) {
sumatrapdf = (wchar_t*)sumatrapdfWin64Default;
} else {
sumatrapdf = (wchar_t*)L"SumatraPDF.exe";
}
}
#if defined (_MSC_VER)
SecureZeroMemory(&si, sizeof(si));
SecureZeroMemory(&pi, sizeof(pi));
#else
ZeroMemory(&si, sizeof(si));
ZeroMemory(&pi, sizeof(pi));
#endif
si.cb = sizeof(si);
snwprintf(sumatrapdfCommandLine, FWDSUMATRAPDF_BUF_SIZE-1, L"\"%ls\" %ls \"%ls\"", sumatrapdf, reuseInstance, pdf);
if (CreateProcessW(NULL, sumatrapdfCommandLine, NULL, NULL, FALSE, 0, NULL, NULL, &si, &pi) == 0) {
err = 3;
return err;
}
WaitForInputIdle(pi.hProcess, TIMEOUT);
return err;
}
static int
DdeExecute(const wchar_t* restrict server,
const wchar_t* restrict topic,
const wchar_t* restrict command)
{
int err = 0;
DWORD idInstance = 0;
HSZ hszServer = NULL;
HSZ hszTopic = NULL;
HCONV hConvClient = NULL;
HDDEDATA hDdeData = NULL;
HDDEDATA hDdeTransactionData = NULL;
if (DdeInitializeW(&idInstance, (PFNCALLBACK)SumatraDdeCallback, APPCMD_CLIENTONLY, 0) != DMLERR_NO_ERROR) {
fputws(L"DdeInitializeW error\n", stderr);
err = 4;
goto exn;
}
if ((hszServer = DdeCreateStringHandleW(idInstance, server, CP_WINUNICODE)) == NULL) {
fputws(L"DdeCreateStringHandleW error\n", stderr);
err = (int)DdeGetLastError(idInstance);
goto exn;
}
if ((hszTopic = DdeCreateStringHandleW(idInstance, topic, CP_WINUNICODE)) == NULL) {
fputws(L"DdeCreateStringHandleW error\n", stderr);
err = (int)DdeGetLastError(idInstance);
goto exn;
}
if ((hConvClient = DdeConnect(idInstance, hszServer, hszTopic, NULL)) == NULL) {
fputws(L"DdeConnect error\n", stderr);
err = (int)DdeGetLastError(idInstance);
goto exn;
}
if ((hDdeData = DdeCreateDataHandle(idInstance, (BYTE*)((wchar_t*)command), (DWORD)((wcslen(command) + 1)*sizeof(wchar_t)), 0, NULL, CF_UNICODETEXT, 0)) == NULL) {
fputws(L"DdeCreateDataHandle error\n", stderr);
err = (int)DdeGetLastError(idInstance);
goto exn;
}
if ((hDdeTransactionData = DdeClientTransaction((BYTE*)hDdeData, (DWORD)-1, hConvClient, NULL, 0, XTYP_EXECUTE, TIMEOUT, NULL)) == NULL) {
fputws(L"DdeClientTransaction error\n", stderr);
err = (int)DdeGetLastError(idInstance);
goto exn;
}
exn:
if (hDdeTransactionData) {
if (DdeFreeDataHandle(hDdeTransactionData) == FALSE) {
err = (int)DdeGetLastError(idInstance);
if (err) {
fputws(L"DdeFreeDataHandle error\n", stderr);
}
}
}
if (hDdeData) {
if (DdeFreeDataHandle(hDdeData) == FALSE) {
err = (int)DdeGetLastError(idInstance);
if (err) {
fputws(L"DdeFreeDataHandle error\n", stderr);
}
}
}
if (hszServer) {
if (DdeFreeStringHandle(idInstance, hszServer) == FALSE) {
fputws(L"DdeFreeStringHandle error\n", stderr);
err = (int)DdeGetLastError(idInstance);
}
}
if (hszTopic) {
if (DdeFreeStringHandle(idInstance, hszTopic) == FALSE) {
fputws(L"DdeFreeStringHandle error\n", stderr);
err = (int)DdeGetLastError(idInstance);
}
}
if (hConvClient) {
if (DdeDisconnect(hConvClient) == FALSE) {
fputws(L"DdeDisconnect error\n", stderr);
err = (int)DdeGetLastError(idInstance);
}
}
if (idInstance) {
if (DdeUninitialize(idInstance) == FALSE) {
fputws(L"DdeUninitialize error\n", stderr);
err = 5;
}
}
return err;
}
int
#if defined (_MSC_VER)
wmain(int argc,
wchar_t** argv)
#else
main(void)
#endif
{
int err = 0;
wchar_t* pdf = NULL;
wchar_t* tex = NULL;
wchar_t* line = NULL;
int active = 0;
wchar_t forwardSearch[FWDSUMATRAPDF_BUF_SIZE] = L"";
#if !defined (_MSC_VER)
int argc = 0;
wchar_t** argv = CommandLineToArgvW(GetCommandLineW(), &argc);
#endif
if (argc != 4) {
fwprintf(stderr, L"usage: %ls pdffile texfile line\n", argv[0]);
err = 2;
return err;
}
pdf = argv[1];
tex = argv[2];
line = argv[3];
if (wcslen(pdf) >= (FWDSUMATRAPDF_BUF_SIZE/4)) {
fwprintf(stderr, L"%ls is too long.\n", pdf);
err = -4;
return err;
}
if (wcslen(tex) >= (FWDSUMATRAPDF_BUF_SIZE/4)) {
fwprintf(stderr, L"%ls is too long.\n", tex);
err = -3;
return err;
}
if (wcslen(line) >= (FWDSUMATRAPDF_BUF_SIZE/4)) {
fwprintf(stderr, L"%ls is too long.\n", line);
err = -2;
return err;
}
if (wcstol(line, NULL, 0) == 0 || errno == ERANGE) {
fwprintf(stderr, L"%ls can't convert to the line number.\n", line);
err = -1;
return err;
}
if ((err = RunSumatraPDF(pdf)) != 0) {
return err;
}
snwprintf(forwardSearch, FWDSUMATRAPDF_BUF_SIZE-1, L"%ls%ls%ls%ls%ls%ls%ls%d%ls",
L"[ForwardSearch(\"", pdf, L"\",\"", tex, L"\",", line, L",0,0,", active, L")]");
if ((err = DdeExecute(L"SUMATRA", L"control", forwardSearch)) != 0) {
return err;
}
return err;
}
----
